# python之tkinter入坑Pack

python 中写GUI界面还是有很多方法的，下面我就说说这个tkinter吧，感觉刚上手不久，感觉不好用的样子，可能是我自己的原因导致的用不顺手。这篇主要写tkinter的pack（）方法。

## tkinter 的pack()可以设置的属性

* 我从官网帮助手册中看到的是这样

> pack\_configure(self, cnf={}, \*\*kw)Pack a widget in the parent widget. Use as options:

```python
after=widget - pack it after you have packed widget
anchor=NSEW (or subset) - position widget according to
                          given direction
before=widget - pack it before you will pack widget
expand=bool - expand widget if parent size grows
fill=NONE or X or Y or BOTH - fill widget if widget grows
in=master - use master to contain this widget
in_=master - see 'in' option description
ipadx=amount - add internal padding in x direction
ipady=amount - add internal padding in y direction
padx=amount - add padding in x direction
pady=amount - add padding in y direction
side=TOP or BOTTOM or LEFT or RIGHT -  where to add this widget.
```

* 上面的部分中文意思是说

```python
anchor=NSEW,表示设置我们要加的当前部件的位置
side=TOP or BOTTOM or LEFT or RIGHT  表示在父类容器的什么地方家我们的部件
```

![iqo2If.png](https://s1.ax1x.com/2018/11/11/iqo2If.png)

* 上面的界面代码如下

```python
#coding:utf-8
import tkinter
# 导入TK的符号常亮
from tkinter.constants import *

def sendStr():
    print('Data Send Ok!')


#  实例化TK类，主窗口必须为.TK(),而其他子窗口为.Toplevel()
top = tkinter.Tk()

# 设置窗口的尺寸大小
top.wm_geometry('320x480+1000+100')

# 不允许 改变 窗口的宽和高
top.wm_resizable(False,False)

# 设置窗口标题
top.title('TCP Server')

# 设置label标签
L1 = tkinter.Label(top, text='TCP Sever;\n20108/09/15',
                   width=15, justify=LEFT, relief=RIDGE, background='#6699ff', )\
    .pack_configure(anchor=S, side=TOP, ipady=2, pady=2, fill=NONE)

# 设置容器
frame1 = tkinter.Frame(top,height=80,width=60,relief=RIDGE, bg='#ff3399',bd=5,borderwidth=4)
# 设置填充和布局
frame1.pack(fill=NONE,ipady=2,expand=False)

# 添加接收区文字标签
L2 = tkinter.Label(frame1,text='接\n收\n区',width=2, justify=LEFT, font=("宋体", 12, "bold"),)\
    .pack(padx=2,pady=40,side=LEFT,anchor=N)

# 添加接收区的文本框
txt1 = tkinter.Text(frame1,width = 40, height = 10).pack(padx=2,pady=10,side=RIGHT,anchor=N)


frame2 = tkinter.Frame(top, relief=RIDGE,bg='#3366ff')
frame2.pack(fill=X, padx=2,pady=10,side=TOP)

# 加一个复选框，一个按键
chk_text = 'Hex Display'
int_if_choise = tkinter.IntVar()
chk1 = tkinter.Checkbutton(frame2,text=chk_text,font=('黑体',12),variable=int_if_choise,onvalue='OK',offvalue='NO')
chk1.pack(fill=NONE,side=LEFT,padx=2,pady=10)
print('shuchu:',int_if_choise)


# 设置容器
frame3 = tkinter.Frame(top,height=120,width=60,relief=RIDGE, bg='#ff3399',bd=5,borderwidth=4)
# 设置填充和布局
frame3.pack(fill=X,ipady=2,expand=False)

# 设置字符串变量
ServerReceiveVar = tkinter.StringVar(top,'')

L3 = tkinter.Label(frame3, text='Cache&Input:',font=('黑体',12))
L3.pack(fill=NONE, expand=NO, side=TOP, anchor=W, padx=2,pady=10)



txt2 = tkinter.Text(frame3, height = 2, width = 30).pack(padx=2, pady=2, ipady=4, side=LEFT, anchor=N)


button1 = tkinter.Button(frame3,text='Send Str', command=sendStr).pack(side=TOP, anchor=W, padx=2, pady=4)

# IP 列表
button2 = tkinter.Button(frame3,text="Exit",command=top.destroy).pack(side=TOP, anchor=N, padx=2, pady=10)

top.mainloop()
```

![iqoWi8.png](https://s1.ax1x.com/2018/11/11/iqoWi8.png)

```python
from Tkinter import *

root = Tk()

w = Label(root, text="red", bg="red", fg="white")
w.pack(padx=5, pady=10, side=LEFT)
w = Label(root, text="green", bg="green", fg="black")
w.pack(padx=5, pady=20, side=LEFT)
w = Label(root, text="blue", bg="blue", fg="white")
w.pack(padx=5, pady=20, side=LEFT)

mainloop()
```


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